basic – Summarize It My Way

PUT OPTION – About the Chart and How to Choose Buy or Sell Put Option from the Trading App

Visualizing the Call Option with a Simple Profit/Loss Chart

To make things clearer, let’s look at a simple profit-loss chart for both the buyer and seller of a call option. This helps show how each position behaves as the stock price changes. I have taken some screenshots from the trading app today. Let me also touch a bit on how to choose buy or sell put option from the Moomoo app.

First, search for the stock. I use MARA as an example here.
Click on Option button at the bottom of the page. Click in call to focus only on the chain data for call option. [Screenshot 1]
Select the expiry date, I choose 44 days for this example.[Screenshot 2]
Note: for buyer, always choose expiry more than 30 days because the option price will usually drop fast when the contract has less than 30 days close to expiry
Buying a call option means you are bullish about the stock. Place the strike price near the current price ($177.23). I choose $170.00 as the strike price in this example.
Note:
- The buyer hopes the price will go up by expiry and he may exercise the option by buying 100 shares at the strike price, the profit can be unlimited depending on how high the share price can go.
- In case the price goes lower than the strike price, you will not want to buy the shares and you will loss the total premium you paid.
Since you are the buyer, look for the ask price (the price seller is willing to offer to sell). [Screenshot 3]
Ask Price (or the mid price) shares $4.975 x 100 = $497.50 is the total premium you need to pay. This is the maximum loss for the buyer.

The seller at the same time is bullish about the stock, he receives premium from the buyer ($4.975 x 100 = $497.50 premium)

If the share price goes above the strike price, the buyer will not exercise his rights to sell shares. In this case, the premium will be the maximum profit made by the seller.

However, if the share price goes down and buyer wants to exercise his rights to sell share at the strike price, the seller needs to buy 100 shares at $170 per share to the buyer. The seller will have unlimited loss depending on how low the share price can go.

Below is the profit / loss chart for both the buyer and seller. They are exact opposites of each other. Take awhile to look at the max profit and max loss.

The breakeven:

The buyer don’t start making profit immediately when the share price goes a little below the strike price. Don’t forget about the premium paid ($4.975), this needs to be included in the profit/loss calculation. So, the buyer will only earn when the price goes lower than $170.00 (strike price) – $4.975 (premium) = $165.025. This is the breakeven.

The same breakeven is applicable to the seller in the opposite way because seller receives premium from the buyer. The seller will start losing when the share price goes below $165.025 (not when it goes lower than the strike price which us $170 in this case)

PUT OPTION

*“Image generated using Freepik AI tools and used in accordance with Freepik’s free license terms.”*

📈 What Is a Put Option?

From the buyer point of view:

A Put Option gives you the right to sell 100 shares of a stock at a specific price (the strike price) before the expiration date.

You pay a premium upfront for this right.

❌ If the stock price stays above the strike price, you just let the option expire. Your maximum loss is the premium you paid.

✅ If the stock price goes below the strike price, you can exercise the option — and sell your shares at the higher strike price, making a profit.

A Put Option Seller (also called a put writer) agrees to buy the stock at the strike price if the buyer chooses to exercise the option.

In exchange, the seller receives the premium — this is their maximum profit.

❗ If the stock price crashes, the seller might be forced to buy shares at a much higher strike price, even though the market price is much lower. In short, the seller earns limited reward (premium) but takes on higher risk if the trade moves against them.

RISK!!!

Selling naked put options is risky if you’re not ready to buy the stock.

DON’T EVER SELL NAKED PUT OPTIONS!!!
“Naked” means you’re selling the option without holding the shares or cash to cover it.

📦 One Option = 100 Shares

Remember!!! When you enter 1 Option contract, it represents 100 shares of a stock. So if the premium is $2, it means you pay or receive $2 × 100 = $200 premium as the buyer or seller respectively.

🎟 Simple Example

Let’s say:

A stock is trading at $50
You buy a Put Option with a $50 strike price
You pay a $3 premium → total cost: $3 × 100 = $300

Now two things can happen, the stock price can go up or down:

📈 Stock Stays Above $50

Buyer won’t execute the option

Buyer Loss = $300 premium paid

Seller Profit = $300 premium collected — no shares bought

📉 Stock Drops to $40

Buyer executes the option to sell at $50

Buyer Profit = ($50 − $40 − $3 premium) × 100 = $700

Seller Loss = Must buy stock at $50 while market price is $40
→ ($10 loss − $3 premium received) × 100 = −$700 (If the seller intends to buy share at this low target price, he / she will not mind buying the share at the low price, just need to ensure that you are selling put options for fundamentally good company)

💡 Why Use Put Options?

Protects your stock from falling prices (like insurance)
Lets you short a stock (profit from drops) with limited risk
Sellers can earn income while waiting to buy stocks they like -> ✅✅✅✅✅I personally sell put option for this purpose.
Buyers can secure a selling price even if the market crashes

I have shared a post on how to combine both Call and Put strategies — the famous Wheel Strategy [https://summarizeit.blog/2025/06/10/a-simple-way-to-generate-income-for-beginner/].

CALL OPTION – About the Chart and How to Choose Buy or Sell Call Option from the Trading App

Visualizing the Call Option with a Simple Profit/Loss Chart

First, search for the stock. I use MARA as an example here.
Click on Option button at the bottom of the page. Click in call to focus only on the chain data for call option. [Screenshot 1]
Select the expiry date, I choose 45 days for this example.[Screenshot 2]
Note: for buyer, always choose expiry more than 30 days because the option price will usually drop fast when the contract has less than 30 days close to expiry
Buying a call option means you are bullish about the stock. Place the strike price near the current price ($14.36). I choose $14 as the strike price in this example.
Note:
- The buyer hopes the price will go up by expiry and he may exercise the option by buying 100 shares at the strike price, the profit can be unlimited depending on how high the share price can go.
- In case the price goes lower than the strike price, you will not want to buy the shares and you will loss the total premium you paid.
Since you are the buyer, look for the ask price (the price seller is willing to offer to sell). [Screenshot 3]
Ask Price (or the mid price) $1.71 x 100 shares is the total premium you need to pay. This is the maximum loss for the buyer.

The seller at the same time is bearish about the stock, he receives premium from the buyer ($1.71 x 100 shares = $171 premium)

If the share price falls below the strike price, the buyer will not exercise his rights to buy shares. In this case, the premium will be the maximum profit made by the seller.

However, if the share price goes up and buyer wants to exercise his rights to buy share at the strike price, the seller needs to buy 100 shares at the market price and sell it at $14 per share to the buyer. The seller will have unlimited loss depending on how high the share price can go.

Below is the profit / loss chart for both the buyer and seller. They are exact opposites of each other. Take awhile to look at the max profit and max loss.

The breakeven:

The buyer don’t start making profit immediately when the share price goes a little above the strike price. Don’t forget about the premium paid ($1.17), this needs to be included in the profit/loss calculation. So, the buyer will only earn when the price goes higher than $14 (strike price) + $1.71 (premium) = $15.71. This is the breakeven.

The same breakeven is applicable to the seller in the opposite way because seller receives premium from the buyer. The seller will start losing when the share price goes below $15.71 (not when it goes lower than the strike price which us $14 in this case)

CALL OPTION

📈 What Is a Call Option?

From the buyer point of view:

A Call Option is like a ticket that gives you the right to buy a stock at a certain price (called the strike price) before a specific date.

You pay a small fee upfront (called a premium) to get this right. You don’t have to buy the stock — it’s your choice.

When there is a buyer, there must be a seller. From the seller point of view:

A Call Option seller (also called the option writer) is like someone offering a deal — they agree to sell a stock at a fixed price (strike price) if the buyer decides to use their option.

In return for taking on this obligation, the seller gets paid a small fee upfront, called a premium. This premium is the seller’s immediate income — and also their maximum profit from the contract.

But there’s a RISK:

If the stock price goes way above the strike price, the buyer might exercise the option, to buy 100 shares from the seller at the lower strike price agreed earlier. The seller must then sell the stock at the strike price — facing a loss if they don’t already own the shares, they need to buy the 100 shares from the market based on the market price and sell it to the buyer at the lower strike price agreed earlier.

In short, the seller earns limited reward (premium) but takes on higher risk if the trade moves against them.

DON’T EVER SELL NAKED CALL OPTIONS!!!
“Naked” means you’re selling the option without holding the shares or cash to cover it.

However, you can still earn from a SELL CALL if you have pre-owned the 100 shares since long time ago that were bought at a price lower than a strike price.

📦 One Option = 100 Shares

Remember!!! When you enter one Option contract, it represents 100 shares of a stock. So if the premium is $2, the real cost of the contract is $2 × 100 = $200.

🎟 Simple Example

Let’s say:

You think a stock will go up – when you buy a call option, it means you are bullish about a stock.
The current price is $50, you can buy a call option that lets you buy the stock at $50 in the future if the stock price goes up (before the contract expiry date).
You pay a $2 premium x 100 = $200 for this rights.

Now two things can happen, the stock price can go up or down:

📈 Stock goes up to $60

Buyer will execute the option to buy at $50, then sell at $60
Profit: ($10 – $2 premium) x 100 shares = $8 x 100 = $800

Seller will sell 100 shares at $50 to the buyer
Loss: ($50-$60+$2 premium) x 100 shares = -$8 x 100 = -$800

📉 Stock stays below $50

Buyer will not execute the option
Loss: $2 premium x 100 = $200 premium paid earlier

Seller no need to sell share to the buyer
Profit: $200 premium paid earlier received from the buyer earlier

💡 Why Use Call Options?

You don’t need to invest in 100 shares right away — the option lets you wait and see. If the price goes down, your only loss is the premium you paid, and you’re not required to buy the shares.

In the next post, I’ll explain the other type of option — the Put Option, which is about the right to sell instead of buy.